淡江大學全球政治經濟學系專任教師

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標題歐洲人權公約對英國憲法的衝擊--一九九八年英國人權法的成立與課題

學年度94

學期1

出版日期2005/12/01

作品名稱歐洲人權公約對英國憲法的衝擊--一九九八年英國人權法的成立與課題

作品名稱（其他語言）The Impact of the European Human Right Convention to the Constitution of the Great Britain--The Development of the Human Rights Act 1998 and Its Issue

全部作者胡慶山

單位淡江大學日本研究所

出版者臺北市：臺灣國際法學會

卷數臺灣國際法季刊=Taiwan International Law Quarterly 2(4)，頁65-112

摘要人權保障乃是一切國家制度的價值核心，此乃憲法學的最基本的常識；然而，隨著第二次世界大戰的結束，文明國家所獲得的一致結論即是，必須將此一憲法學的基本核心價值擴展至國際社會，始能持續維持世界的和平發展。在現行的國際人權法而言，最先進月最完善的人權保障實施機制，如眾所週知，乃是歐洲人權公約。之所以如此的主要理由之一，乃是歐洲人權公約存在個人申訴的制度。隨著個人中訴的件數不斷增加、歐洲人權公約的人權保障實施機制勢必加以因應調整。本論文將針對此一新調整的結果所帶來的問題加以說明，並對此加以評價。上述的變化，對於傳統上為不成文憲法的締約國英國而言，當然會帶來極大的衝擊。本論文先針對英國對此一衝擊加以回應以前，歐洲人權公約在英國國內法的地位進行分析，並探討關於如何回應的論爭，及其演變的結果。其後，將介紹英國一九九八年的人權法及探討其相關的問題。最後並針對上述的發展演變，提出對台灣可能的啓示。;The guarantee of human rights is the core of every state system, also the most basic common sense of the studies of constitutional law. However, with the end of WWII, civilized states realize that the core value of the studies of constitutional Ian must be developed to international society, then world peace can be sustained continuously. As for the modern international human rights Ian, most progressive and perfect mechanism of guarantee of human rights, as everyone knows, is the Convention on the European Human Rights. If we ask why, one of the reason is the individual petition system in the Convention on the European Human Rights. With adding the cases of personal petition, the mechanism of guarantee of human rights in the Convention on the European Human Rights must be adjusted for this situation. The paper will explain the problem from the result of this new adjustment, and give a statement. Certainly, the change mentioned above is a big impact to the Great Britain, which has no positive constitutional law in the tradition. The paper will analyze that the legal status of the Convention on the European Human Rights in the national law of the Great Britain first, and explore the arguments of how to response and the result. Afterwards, the paper will introduce the development of the Human Rights Act 1998 and its issues. At last, according this development, the paper will submit a revelatory viewpoint to Taiwan.

關鍵字人權保障;國際人權法;歐洲人權公約;英國憲法;個人申訴制度;英國一九九八年人權法;國內法;Guarantee of human rights;International human rights law;The Convention on the European Human Rights;Great Britain constitution;Individual petition system;Human Rights Act 1998 in Great Britain;National law

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ISSN(ISBN)1818-4185

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