淡江大學全球政治經濟學系師資陣容

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標題政黨政治甄補的影響因素：以1992到2008政黨不分區立委提名人選為範例

學年度99

學期1

出版日期2010/12/01

作品名稱政黨政治甄補的影響因素：以1992到2008政黨不分區立委提名人選為範例

作品名稱（其他語言）The Influential Factors of Political Party’s Elite Recruitment: The Proportional Representation System as the Venue (1992-2008)

全部作者包正豪

單位淡江大學全球政治經濟學系

出版者臺北市：中華選舉研究學會

卷數選舉評論 9，頁49-82

摘要菁英甄補是政治體系存續的重要關鍵，而在民主國家中，選舉一直是最重要的甄補管道之一。就我國立委選舉制度的設計，民選政治菁英甄補進入體系並不僅止於以個人名義參與區域立委選舉，亦可透過以政黨集體名義參與全國不分區代表名額的競逐。就後者而言，在現行選舉制度設計的框架下，菁英甄補必須透過政黨的中介，因此其甄補模式與篩選標準受到政黨的高度影響。某種程度而言，對我國現行比例代表制度下民選菁英甄補的研究，特別是甄選機構的偏好和不同社會群體的影響力分布，可以提供外界評估政黨「政治價值觀」的指標。同時，對菁英甄補當中特定之甄補憑證或專業條件的重要性研究，可釐清其如何影響政治參與和取得政治地位的通路，進而對於政黨特性與未來發展方向提供觀察與評估的線索。鑑此，本文以1992年我國首度實施全國不分區代表立委選舉制度起，至2008年第七屆立委選舉為止，共計6次立委選舉當中，列名國內各政黨全國不分區候選名單的513人為對象，探討政黨提名全國不分區代表的偏好與影響因素，據以描繪國內各政黨之「政治價值觀」。同時嘗試透過對各政黨菁英甄補所重視的甄補憑證或專業條件的分析，初步評估其未來可能發展方向。研究結果發現，在區域選舉部分實力愈強的政黨，愈不傾向將不分區代表做為甄補政壇新血輪的管道，而傾向提名已具備相當政治經歷的菁英。區域選舉部份實力相對較弱的政黨所提出的不分區名單，則較具理想性格，傾向提名族群代表、弱勢團體，以及專家學者。但透過時間序列的縱剖面分析來看，選舉制度變遷與政黨勢力消長仍對各政黨提名人選有明顯影響，有愈趨開放而擴及甄補不同背景菁英的態勢。;This paper would like to study the preferences and influential factors of Taiwan’s political parties on the candidate nomination of the proportional representation. Furthermore, by analyzing the preferences and influential factors, a given political party’s “political values” may be described, which allows us to evaluate its future development. In order to proceed with this study, the author examined 513 candidates nominated by the political parties on the list of the proportional representation from 1992 to 2008. The research finding is that a political party who has stronger support at other words, this kind of political party regards the proportional representation as a “political discharge tunnel” to reduce the political pressure. Therefore, to these political parties, the most influential factor is the seniority in the Legislative Yuan. In contrast, minor political parties seem to more idealize. They usually prefer to nominate candidates from the academic community and the disadvantageous minorities such as women, social movement activists, and indigenous people. However, since they are minor political parties, they usually have little chance to win seats under the current electoral system. As a results, their nomination is more like a manifesto but with no practical influence on the political reality. Nevertheless, the research also finds that the change of party status (as a government party or opposition party) will influence a given party’s political values. A party will become more idealize when it as an opposition party than as a government party.

關鍵字菁英甄補; 提名; 比例代表／全國不分區; 政治價值觀;Elite Recruitment; Nomination; Proportional Representation System; Political Values

使用語言繁體中文

ISSN(ISBN)1995-7548

期刊性質國內

等級,其他

產學合作

通訊作者包正豪

審稿制度是

國別中華民國

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