In today's world, constitutionalism must consider the profound impact of climate change on basic human rights such as health, food, water, and housing. Extreme weather events and ecological destruction threaten lives, exacerbate food and water shortages, and disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. International agreements such as the Paris Agreement aim to mitigate these impacts by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Climate litigation has become a crucial tool for enforcing climate policies and holding entities accountable. Landmark cases like Urgenda Foundation v. the Netherlands and Milieudefensie v. Royal Dutch Shell have compelled governments and corporations to reduce emissions. In Japan, lawsuits such as those involving the Sendai Power Plant and Kobe Steel reflect ongoing legal battles over environmental issues and compliance with standards. These legal actions highlight the judiciary's role in addressing climate change and protecting human rights. As climate change continues to challenge fundamental rights, utilizing judicial means is essential for forcing governments and corporations to fulfill their environmental responsibilities, underscoring the collective responsibility in addressing this global issue.